Saturday, 31 January 2015

Electrical Transformers Explained

Transformers Explanation

Electrical Transformers Explained




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Electrical transformers are used to "transform" voltage level to another, usually from a higher to a lower voltage voltage. They do this by applying the principle of magnetic induction between coils to convert the voltage and / or current levels.

Thus, electrical transformers are a passive device that converts alternating current (also known as "AC") power from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction. An electrical transformer typically comprises a ferromagnetic core and two or more coils called "winding". A changing current in the primary winding creates an alternating magnetic field in the core. In turn, the core and multiplies this field most couples flow through the secondary windings of transformers. This in turn induces alternating voltage (or emf) in each of the secondary coils.

Electrical transformers can be configured as one phase or three-phase configuration. There are several important specifications to specify when searching for electrical transformers. These include: the maximum capacity of high voltage, high current maximum capacity, maximum power, and output type. An electrical transformer can provide more than one value of the secondary voltage. The rated power is the sum of the VA (Volts x Amps) for all secondary. Output options include AC or DC. Toggle output waveform of current, voltage, values are typically given in RMS values. See manufacturer for options waveform. For the secondary output DC voltage, check with the manufacturer for the type of rectification.

The cores may be constructed as either a laminated or toroidal. Toroidal units are typically copper wire wound around a cylindrical core so that the magnetic flux produced inside the coil does not leak, efficiency of the coil is good, and the magnetic flux has little influence on other components. Laminate refers to the laminated steel cores. These steel sheets are insulated with a non conductive material such as varnish, and then formed in a core to reduce electrical losses. There are many types. These include autotransformer, control, power, distribution, general purpose instrument, the isolation, the potential (voltage), power, step-up and step down. Assemblies include chassis mounting plate or mounting disk, enclosure or free standing, h frame and PCB.

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